List,
I have charted official US unemployment rates since 1960 and have found
that the black rate of unemployment is two to three times that of whites.
Both rates move up and down together reflecting the business cycle. I have
also charted the differences in the income levels between US blacks and
whites at the same level of educational attainment, and have found that
blacks makes roughly 2/3 of what whites make. These figures remain very
stable over time.
I have always taken these facts as supporting the reality of racism. I
cannot see any other explanation. The burden of proof always rests with
the person making the claim; I understand this. And my claim that racism
permeates the United States, just as one example, is supported by these
facts I have produced here. Now if somebody, for the sake of intellectual
advancement, would be so kind as to demonstrate to this list that these
numbers can be explained by another theory, I would love to hear it.
In any case, "institutional racism" is perhaps a redundancy. Racism is by
definition institutionalized.
Andrew Austin